Let’s start with core requirements and breakdown:

Core Specifications

• Display Interface: Outputs all interactions via the console
• Menu Options:

  --------------------------------------------------------
                 Student Record Management Console
  --------------------------------------------------------
  1. Add New Student
  2. Remove Existing Student
  3. Edit Student Details
  4. Display All Students
  5. Terminate Program
  --------------------------------------------------------
  Enter your choice: 
  

• Student Record Structure: Unique student ID, full name, age, academic program
• Functional Breakdown:
  • Add: Accepts user input, validates unique student ID before storing
  • Remove: Checks for valid ID; deletes record if found, shows error otherwise
  • Edit: Finds student by valid ID, updates non-ID fields
  • Display: Prints formatted list of all record, or empty message if no data exists

---

Implementation Steps

First, define the Student model class with private fields, getters, setters, and a no-arg constructor.

Step 1: Build the Main Loop & Menu Handler

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentRecordApp {
    private static final Scanner INPUT = new Scanner(System.in);
    private static final ArrayList<Student> STUDENT_DB = new ArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        while (true) {
            showMainMenu();
            String selection = INPUT.nextLine();
            switch (selection) {
                case "1":
                    addNewStudent();
                    break;
                case "2":
                    removeStudentById();
                    break;
                case "3":
                    modifyStudentDetails();
                    break;
                case "4":
                    printAllRecords();
                    break;
                case "5":
                    System.out.println("Program terminated successfully.");
                    INPUT.close();
                    System.exit(0);
                default:
                    System.out.println("Invalid selection. Please try again.");
            }
        }
    }

    private static void showMainMenu() {
        System.out.println("\n--------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("               Student Record Management Console");
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("1. Add New Student");
        System.out.println("2. Remove Existing Student");
        System.out.println("3. Edit Student Details");
        System.out.println("4. Display All Students");
        System.out.println("5. Terminate Program");
        System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
    }
}

Step 2: Add Unique Student ID Validation & Adding Logic

private static boolean idIsDuplicate(String studentId) {
    for (Student s : STUDENT_DB) {
        if (s.getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

private static void addNewStudent() {
    Student newEntry = new Student();
    String tempId;
    do {
        System.out.print("Enter unique student ID: ");
        tempId = INPUT.nextLine();
        if (idIsDuplicate(tempId)) {
            System.out.println("ID already taken. Please choose another.");
        } else {
            newEntry.setStudentId(tempId);
            break;
        }
    } while (true);

    System.out.print("Enter full name: ");
    newEntry.setFullName(INPUT.nextLine());

    System.out.print("Enter age: ");
    int tempAge = Integer.parseInt(INPUT.nextLine());
    newEntry.setAge(tempAge);

    System.out.print("Enter academic program: ");
    newEntry.setProgram(INPUT.nextLine());

    STUDENT_DB.add(newEntry);
    System.out.println("Student added successfully!");
}

Step 3: Delete by Validated Student ID

private static int findStudentIndex(String studentId) {
    for (int i = 0; i < STUDENT_DB.size(); i++) {
        if (STUDENT_DB.get(i).getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
            return i;
        }
    }
    return -1;
}

private static void removeStudentById() {
    System.out.print("Enter ID of student to remove: ");
    String targetId = INPUT.nextLine();
    int position = findStudentIndex(targetId);
    if (position != -1) {
        STUDENT_DB.remove(position);
        System.out.println("Student with ID " + targetId + " removed successfully!");
    } else {
        System.out.println("No student found with ID " + targetId + ".");
    }
}

Step 4: Modify Non-ID Student Fields

private static void modifyStudentDetails() {
    System.out.print("Enter ID of student to edit: ");
    String targetId = INPUT.nextLine();
    int position = findStudentIndex(targetId);
    if (position == -1) {
        System.out.println("No student found with ID " + targetId + ".");
        return;
    }

    Student target = STUDENT_DB.get(position);

    System.out.print("Enter new full name (leave empty to keep current): ");
    String newName = INPUT.nextLine();
    if (!newName.isBlank()) {
        target.setFullName(newName);
    }

    System.out.print("Enter new age (leave empty to keep current): ");
    String ageInput = INPUT.nextLine();
    if (!ageInput.isBlank()) {
        target.setAge(Integer.parseInt(ageInput));
    }

    System.out.print("Enter new academic program (leave empty to keep current): ");
    String newProgram = INPUT.nextLine();
    if (!newProgram.isBlank()) {
        target.setProgram(newProgram);
    }

    System.out.println("Student details updated successfully!");
}

Step 5: Formatted Record Display

private static void printAllRecords() {
    if (STUDENT_DB.isEmpty()) {
        System.out.println("No student records are currently stored.");
        return;
    }

    System.out.printf("\n%-10s %-20s %-5s %-15s%n", "ID", "Full Name", "Age", "Program");
    System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------------");
    for (Student s : STUDENT_DB) {
        System.out.printf("%-10s %-20s %-5d %-15s%n", 
            s.getStudentId(), s.getFullName(), s.getAge(), s.getProgram());
    }
}

Finally, add the Student class:

class Student {
    private String studentId;
    private String fullName;
    private int age;
    private String program;

    public Student() {}

    public String getStudentId() { return studentId; }
    public void setStudentId(String studentId) { this.studentId = studentId; }
    public String getFullName() { return fullName; }
    public void setFullName(String fullName) { this.fullName = fullName; }
    public int getAge() { return age; }
    public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; }
    public String getProgram() { return program; }
    public void setProgram(String program) { this.program = program; }
}