When investigating system performance degradation, engineers typically begin by examining system responsiveness via standard monitoring utilities. The top utility provides a dynamic real-time view, while uptime offers a quick snapshot of system history. The output of uptime includes three numerical...
Why Combine Rsync with Inotify? As infrastructure grows, traditional rsync usage faces limitations. Standard rsync operations require a full directory scan to identify differences, which becomes highly inefficient when dealing with millions of files where only a tiny fraction changes. Furthermore, n...
Ganeral Purpose Tools JDK: Download Link (Change version number in URL for specific version) Docker: CentOS Packages, Static Binaries Docker Hub (requires proxy): Docker Hub Docker Desktop: Release Notes Page Minikube: v1.18.1 RPM K9s (Kubernetes CLI Tool): Installation Script Python: Official Downl...
Process Overview A process represents a running program instance. Beyond the executable code segment, a process includes open files, pending signals, kernel data structures, processor state, virtual memory mappings, threads, and global variables' data segment. Threads are scheduling units managed by...
Ensuring Nginx Service Reliability in Production Environments In production environments, maintaining service availability is crucial. This guide demonstrates how to configure Nginx to automatically restart on system boot and after unexpected failures on Linux systems. Verifying Current Nginx Status...
1. Compile and Install Redis from Source Navigate to the target directory and retrieve the source archive. This example uses /opt for third-party sofwtare management. cd /opt sudo curl -L https://github.com/redis/redis/archive/refs/tags/7.2.5.tar.gz -o redis-src.tar.gz sudo tar -xzf redis-src.tar.gz...
User and Group Accounts Overview Linux controls resource access through user identities. Accounts are categorized in to user accounts and group accounts. User Account Roles Superuser (root): UID 0 with full system privileges Regular Users: UID 1000+ (CentOS7) with restricted permissions System Users...
In operating systems, virtual memory is organized into pages, each sized at 4KB on x86 architectures. The Linux kernel performs read and write operations on virtual memory in page-sized units. When transferring memory to or from swap space, these operations occur page by page. Managing virtual memor...
Analyzing Disk Usage When diagnosing storage issues, it is essential to identify which directories are consuming the most space. The following command sorts directories within /var by their human-readable size: du -sh /var/* | sort -h Output example: 0 /var/preserve 0 /var/run 0 /var/tmp 8.0K /var/d...
Process Execution and Context In a typical single-core CPU system, multiple processes do not run simultaneously but are executed concurrrently through rapid time-slicing. Each process is allocated a time slice; if it doesn't finish within that interval, the operating system saves its state and switc...