Overview

Apache Solr is a high-performance, Lucene-based search platform written in Java. It exposes a rich HTTP/REST API for indexing and querying, runs inside any servlet container, and keeps its configuration externalized in a directory called solrhome. This guide walks through a complete setup on both Windows and Linux, adds Chinese tokenization with IK Analyzer, and finishes with a minimal Java client example.

1. Download and Unpack

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Grab the 4.10.3 distribution from http://lucene.apache.org/solr/. After unpacking you will see:

• bin/ – start scripts
• contrib/ – extra plugins
• dist/ – solr-4.10.3.war and dependency JARs
• example/ – ready-made Solr cores and Jetty launcher
• docs/ – Javadocs

2. Windows Installation with Tomcat 7

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Prerequisites

• JDK 1.7+
• Tomcat 7.0.x (tested with 7.0.53)

Steps

1. Copy dist/solr-4.10.3.war to $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr.war.

2. Start Tomcat once to let the WAR explode, then remove the original solr.war.

3. Copy every JAR from example/lib/ext into $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/lib.

4. Create $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/classes and drop example/resources/log4j.properties inside.

5. Create a solrhome directory anywhere (e.g. D:\solrhome) and copy the contants of example/solr into it.

6. Edit $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/web.xml and add the JNDI entry: ``` solr/home D:/solrhome java.lang.String

7. Restart Tomcat and open http://localhost:8080/solr.

8. Linux Installation with Tomcat 7

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# 1. Unpack Tomcat
tar -zxf apache-tomcat-7.0.47.tar.gz
mkdir /usr/local/solr
mv apache-tomcat-7.0.47 /usr/local/solr/tomcat

# 2. Upload and unzip Solr
tar -zxf solr-4.10.3.tgz

# 3. Deploy WAR
cp solr-4.10.3/dist/solr-4.10.3.war /usr/local/solr/tomcat/webapps/solr.war
# Start/stop Tomcat to explode, then
rm /usr/local/solr/tomcat/webapps/solr.war



# 4. Runtime libs
cp solr-4.10.3/example/lib/ext/* /usr/local/solr/tomcat/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/lib/

# 5. Create solrhome
cp -r solr-4.10.3/example/solr /usr/local/solr/solrhome

# 6. Point webapp to solrhome
vim /usr/local/solr/tomcat/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/web.xml
# Add the same <env-entry> as above with value /usr/local/solr/solrhome

# 7. Start
/usr/local/solr/tomcat/bin/startup.sh

4. Addding IK Analyzer for Chinese Text

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1. Upload IKAnalyzer2012FF_u1.jar to $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/lib.

2. Create $CATALINA_HOME/webapps/solr/WEB-INF/classes and copy:

   • IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml
   • ext_stopword.dic
   • mydict.dic

   Ensure all files are UTF-8 without BOM.

3. Edit solrhome/collection1/conf/schema.xml and append: ``` <fieldType name="text_ik" class="solr.TextField"> </fieldType>

4. Restart Tomcat.

5. Defining Product Fields

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Inside the same schema.xml, add the following before the closing </schema> tag:

<field name="item_title"        type="text_ik" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
<field name="item_sell_point"   type="text_ik" indexed="true" stored="true"/>
<field name="item_price"        type="long"    indexed="true" stored="true"/>
<field name="item_image"        type="string"  indexed="false" stored="true"/>
<field name="item_category_name" type="string"  indexed="true" stored="true"/>
<field name="item_desc"         type="text_ik" indexed="true" stored="false"/>

<field name="item_keywords"     type="text_ik" indexed="true" stored="false" multiValued="true"/>
<copyField source="item_title"          dest="item_keywords"/>
<copyField source="item_sell_point"     dest="item_keywords"/>
<copyField source="item_category_name"    dest="item_keywords"/>
<copyField source="item_desc"           dest="item_keywords"/>

6. Java Client Quick-Start

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Add the SolrJ dependency (already bundled in dist/) and run:

import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.*;
import org.apache.solr.client.solrj.impl.HttpSolrServer;
import org.apache.solr.common.*;
import org.junit.Test;

public class SolrClientDemo {

    private static final String SOLR_URL = "http://192.168.1.123:8080/solr";

    @Test
    public void insertDoc() throws Exception {
        HttpSolrServer server = new HttpSolrServer(SOLR_URL);
        SolrInputDocument doc = new SolrInputDocument();
        doc.addField("id", "sku123");
        doc.addField("item_title", "高性能笔记本电脑");
        doc.addField("item_price", 5999);
        server.add(doc);
        server.commit();
    }

    @Test
    public void searchDocs() throws Exception {
        HttpSolrServer server = new HttpSolrServer(SOLR_URL);
        SolrQuery q = new SolrQuery("item_keywords:笔记本");
        q.setStart(0).setRows(10);
        QueryResponse resp = server.query(q);
        for (SolrDocument d : resp.getResults()) {
            System.out.println(d.get("id") + " - " + d.get("item_title"));
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void purgeIndex() throws Exception {
        HttpSolrServer server = new HttpSolrServer(SOLR_URL);
        servererver.deleteByQuery("*:*");
        server.commit();
    }
}