KaTeX supports a comprehensive set of TeX functions, organized logical. The following sections detail supported features, with examples of syntax and rendering.

Accents and Diacritical Marks

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(a')	a'	(\tilde{a})	\tilde{a}	(\mathring{g})	\mathring{g}
(a'')	a''	(\widetilde{ac})	\widetilde{ac}	(\overgroup{AB})	\overgroup{AB}
(a^{\prime})	a^{\prime}	(\utilde{AB})	\utilde{AB}	(\undergroup{AB})	\undergroup{AB}
(\acute{a})	\acute{a}	(\vec{F})	\vec{F}	(\Overrightarrow{AB})	\Overrightarrow{AB}
(\bar{y})	\bar{y}	(\overleftarrow{AB})	\overleftarrow{AB}	(\overrightarrow{AB})	\overrightarrow{AB}
(\breve{a})	\breve{a}	(\underleftarrow{AB})	\underleftarrow{AB}	(\underrightarrow{AB})	\underrightarrow{AB}
(\check{a})	\check{a}	(\overleftharpoon{ac})	\overleftharpoon{ac}	(\overrightharpoon{ac})	\overrightharpoon{ac}
(\dot{a})	\dot{a}	(\overleftrightarrow{AB})	\overleftrightarrow{AB}	(\overbrace{AB})	\overbrace{AB}
(\ddot{a})	\ddot{a}	(\underleftrightarrow{AB})	\underleftrightarrow{AB}	(\underbrace{AB})	\underbrace{AB}
(\grave{a})	\grave{a}	(\overline{AB})	\overline{AB}	(\overlinesegment{AB})	\overlinesegment{AB}
(\hat{\theta})	\hat{\theta}	(\underline{AB})	\underline{AB}	(\underlinesegment{AB})	\underlinesegment{AB}
(\widehat{ac})	\widehat{ac}	(\widecheck{ac})	\widecheck{ac}

Additional accents work within \text{}:

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(\text{'{a}})	\'{a}	(\text{~{a}})	\~{a}	(\text{.{a}})	\.{a}	(\text{\H{a}})	\H{a}
(\text{`{a}})	\{a}`	(\text{={a}})	\={a}	(\text{"{a}})	\"{a}	(\text{\v{a}})	\v{a}
(\text{^{a}})	\^{a}	(\text{\u{a}})	\u{a}	(\text{\r{a}})	\r{a}

Delimiters (Parentheses and Brackets)

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(())	()	(\lparen\rparen)	\lparen\rparen	(\lceil\rceil)	\lceil\rceil
([])	[]	(\lbrack\rbrack)	\lbrack\rbrack	(\lfloor\rfloor)	\lfloor\rfloor
({})	\{\}	(\lbrace\rbrace)	\lbrace\rbrace	(\lmoustache\rmoustache)	\lmoustache\rmoustache
(\langle\rangle)	\langle\rangle	(\lang\rang)	\lang\rang	(\llbracket\rrbracket)	\llbracket\rrbracket
(\vert)	\vert	(\lvert\rvert)	\lvert\rvert	(\Vert)	\Vert
(\lVert\rVert)	\lVert\rVert	(\backslash)	\backslash	(\ulcorner\urcorner)	\ulcorner\urcorner

Delimiters can be sized manually or with \left and \right:

• Manual sizing: \big( \Big( \bigg( \Bigg(
• Auto-sizing: \left(\LARGE{AB}\right)

Environments

Matrix and array environments:

Environment	Rendered	Code
matrix	(\begin{matrix}a & b \ c & d\end{matrix})	\begin{matrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{matrix}
pmatrix	(\begin{pmatrix}a & b \ c & d\end{pmatrix})	\begin{pmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{pmatrix}
bmatrix	(\begin{bmatrix}a & b \ c & d\end{bmatrix})	\begin{bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{bmatrix}
vmatrix	(\begin{vmatrix}a & b \ c & d\end{vmatrix})	\begin{vmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{vmatrix}
Bmatrix	(\begin{Bmatrix}a & b \ c & d\end{Bmatrix})	\begin{Bmatrix}a & b \\ c & d\end{Bmatrix}
array	(\begin{array}{cc}a & b \ c & d\end{array})	\begin{array}{cc}a & b \\ c & d\end{array}

Alignment environments:

Environment	Rendered	Code
aligned	(\begin{aligned}a&=b+c \ d+e&=f\end{aligned})	\begin{aligned}a&=b+c \\ d+e&=f\end{aligned}
gathered	(\begin{gathered}a=b \ e=b+c\end{gathered})	\begin{gathered}a=b \\ e=b+c\end{gathered}
cases	(x=\begin{cases}a & \text{if } b \ c & \text{if } d\end{cases})	x=\begin{cases}a & \text{if } b \\ c & \text{if } d\end{cases}

Unicode Mathematical Alphabets and Symbols

Supported Unicode alphabets:

Style	Supported Characters	Code Example
Bold	A-Z, a-z, 0-9	\mathbf{Ab0}
Italic	A-Z, a-z	\mathit{Ab0}
Sans-serif	A-Z, a-z, 0-9	\mathsf{Ab0}
Blackboard bold	A-Z, k	\mathbb{AB}
Fraktur	A-Z, a-z	\mathfrak{Ab0}
Calligraphic	A-Z, 0-9	\mathcal{AB0}

KaTeX renders these alphabets correctly in any mode. Non-Latin scripts (e.g., Brahmic, CJK) are supported but rely on system fonts, potentially causing alignment issues.

Layout

Annotations and Marks

Rendered	Code
(\cancel{5})	\cancel{5}
(\bcancel{5})	\bcancel{5}
(\xcancel{ABC})	\xcancel{ABC}
(\sout{abc})	\sout{abc}
(\boxed{\pi=\frac{c}{d}})	\boxed{\pi=\frac{c}{d}}
(\tag{hi} x+y^{2x})	\tag{hi} x+y^{2x}
(\tag*{hi} x+y^{2x})	\tag*{hi} x+y^{2x}

Line Breaking

Inline math breaks after relations or binary operators (e.g., =, +). Prevent breaks with \nobreak or braces: {F=ma}. Allow breaks elsewhere with \allowbreak. Hard breaks: \\ or \newline.

Vertical Layout

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(x_n)	x_n	(e^x)	e^x
(\stackrel{!}{=})	\stackrel{!}{=}	(\overset{!}{=})	\overset{!}{=}
(a \atop b)	a \atop b	(a\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c)	a\raisebox{0.25em}{b}c

Overlap and Spacing

Rendered	Code
({=}\mathllap{/,})	{=}\mathllap{/\,}
(\mathrlap{,/}{=})	\mathrlap{\,/}{=}
(\left(x^{\smash{2}}\right))	\left(x^{\smash{2}}\right)
(\sqrt{\smash[b]{y}})	\sqrt{\smash[b]{y}}
(\sum\limits_{\mathclap{1\le i\le j\le n}} x_{ij})	\sum_{\mathclap{1\le i\le j\le n}} x_{ij}

Spacing Commands

Command	Width	Command	Width
\, or \thinspace	(3/18) em	\! or \negthinspace	(-3/18) em
\: or \medspace	(4/18) em	\negmedspace	(-4/18) em
\; or \thickspace	(5/18) em	\negthickspace	(-5/18) em
\enspace	(1/2) em	\quad	1 em
\qquad	2 em	~	non-breaking space
\phantom{content}	size of content	\hphantom{content}	width of content
\vphantom{content}	height of content

Logic and Set Symbols

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(\forall)	\forall	(\exists)	\exists
(\in)	\in	(\notin)	\notin
(\subset)	\subset	(\supset)	\supset
(\cup)	\cup	(\cap)	\cap
(\land)	\land	(\lor)	\lor
(\neg)	\neg	(\implies)	\implies

Macro Defiintions

Define macros with \def, \gdef, \newcommand, \renewcommand, or \providecommand:

• \def\macroName{definition}
• \newcommand{\macroName}[numArgs]{definition}

Macros accept up to nine arguments (#1 through #9).

Operators

Large Operators

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(\sum)	\sum	(\prod)	\prod
(\int)	\int	(\bigotimes)	\bigotimes
(\bigcup)	\bigcup	(\bigcap)	\bigcap

Binary Operators

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(+)	+	(-)	-
(\times)	\times	(\div)	\div
(\cdot)	\cdot	(\pm)	\pm
(\cap)	\cap	(\cup)	\cup
(\oplus)	\oplus	(\otimes)	\otimes

Fractions and Binomials

Rendered	Code
(\frac{a}{b})	\frac{a}{b}
(\tfrac{a}{b})	\tfrac{a}{b}
(\cfrac{a}{1+\cfrac{1}{b}})	\cfrac{a}{1+\cfrac{1}{b}}
(\binom{n}{k})	\binom{n}{k}
({n \choose k})	{n \choose k}

Mathematical Operators

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(\sin)	\sin	(\cos)	\cos
(\log)	\log	(\lim)	\lim
(\det)	\det	(\gcd)	\gcd
(\sup)	\sup	(\inf)	\inf

Roots

• Square root: \sqrt{x} → (\sqrt{x})
• nth root: \sqrt[n]{x} → (\sqrt[n]{x})

Relations

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(=)	=	(<)	<
(>)	>	(\approx)	\approx
(\leq)	\leq	(\geq)	\geq
(\subset)	\subset	(\supset)	\supset
(\in)	\in	(\ni)	\ni

Arrows

Rendered	Code	Rendered	Code
(\to)	\to	(\gets)	\gets
(\Rightarrow)	\Rightarrow	(\Leftarrow)	\Leftarrow
(\mapsto)	\mapsto	(\hookrightarrow)	\hookrightarrow

Extensible Arrows

Arrows that stretch with text:

• \xrightarrow[under]{over} → (\xrightarrow[under]{over})
• \xleftarrow{text} → (\xleftarrow{text})

Styles, Colors, Sizes, and Fonts

Colors

Set colors with \color, \textcolor, \colorbox, or \fcolorbox:

• \color{blue} F=ma → (\color{blue} F=ma)
• \textcolor{#228B22}{F=ma} → (\textcolor{#228B22}{F=ma})
• \colorbox{aqua}{A} → (\colorbox{aqua}{A})

Fonts

Font Style	Code Example	Rendered
Roman	\mathrm{Ab0}	(\mathrm{Ab0})
Bold	\mathbf{Ab0}	(\mathbf{Ab0})
Italic	\mathit{Ab0}	(\mathit{Ab0})
Sans-serif	\mathsf{Ab0}	(\mathsf{Ab0})
Blackboard bold	\mathbb{AB}	(\mathbb{AB})
Calligraphic	\mathcal{AB0}	(\mathcal{AB0})

Sizes

Size Command	Example
\tiny	(\tiny AB)
\small	(\small AB)
\normalsize	(\normalsize AB)
\large	(\large AB)
\huge	(\huge AB)

Styles

Style	Code	Rendered
Display	\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n	(\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n)
Text	\textstyle\sum_{i=1}^n	(\textstyle\sum_{i=1}^n)
Script	\scriptstyle x	(\scriptstyle x)
Scriptscript	\scriptscriptstyle x	(\scriptscriptstyle x)

Symbols and Punctuation

Symbol	Code	Symbol	Code
(%)	\%	(#)	\#
(&)	\&	(_)	\_
(\dots)	\dots	(\cdots)	\cdots
(\infty)	\infty	(\nabla)	\nabla
(\angle)	\angle	(\triangle)	\triangle
(\checkmark)	\checkmark	(\dag)	\dag

Units

KaTeX units scale proportional as in TeX, but differ from CSS units. Common units:

• em: CSS em
• ex: CSS ex
• mu: 1/18 CSS em
• pt: 1/72.27 inch × scaling factors
• mm, cm, in: metric and imperial units

Scaling factors depend on HTML font size and KaTeX's default magnification (1.21×).